"Amen, amen, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains just a grain of wheat; but if it dies, it produces much fruit. " (John 12)
Photo copyright : John R Portelli

Friday, 9 December 2016

Through the desert - to holiness

Third Sunday of Advent

It-Tielet  Ħadd ta' l-Avvent
Messalin A pp 74 

Reading 1                  

ISaiah 35:1-6A, 10

The desert and the parched land will exult; the steppe will rejoice and bloom. They will bloom with abundant flowers, and rejoice with joyful song. The glory of Lebanon will be given to them, the splendor of Carmel and Sharon; they will see the glory of the LORD, the splendor of our God. Strengthen the hands that are feeble, make firm the knees that are weak, say to those whose hearts are frightened: Be strong, fear not! Here is your God, he comes with vindication; with divine recompense he comes to save you. Then will the eyes of the blind be opened, the ears of the deaf be cleared; then will the lame leap like a stag, then the tongue of the mute will sing. Those whom the LORD has ransomed will return and enter Zion singing, crowned with everlasting joy; they will meet with joy and gladness, sorrow and mourning will flee. This is the Word of the Lord.

L-Ewwel  Lezzjoni
Qari mill-Ktieb tal-Profeta Isaija 35, 1-6a,10
Ħa jifirħu d-deżert u l-art maħruqa; ħa jifraħ ix-xagħri u jwarrad, ħa jwarrad bħar-ranġis. Ħa tifraħ fuq li tifraħ, taqbeż u tgħanni. Sebħ il-Libanu jingħata lilha, il-ġmiel tal-Karmel u ta' Saron. Għad jaraw is-sebħ tal-Mulej, il-ġmiel ta' Alla tagħna. Qawwu l-idejn mitruħa; saħħu l-irkubbtejn imriegħda. Għidu lil dawk b'qalbhom imbeżżgħa: "Agħmlu l-ħila, la tibżgħux! Araw, Alla tagħkom ġej jitħallas; il-ħlas ta' Alla wasal; Hu stess ġej biex isalvakom." Imbagħad jinfetħu għajnejn l-għomja, jinfetħu widnejn it-torox. Imbagħad iz-zopp jaqbeż bħal għażżiela u lsien imbikkem jinħall bil-ferħ. Jerġgħu lura l-mifdijin tal-Mulej, u jidħlu f'Sijon jgħajtu bil-ferħ, b'ferħ ta' dejjem fuq rashom. Il-ferħ u l-hena jiksbu, u jgħibu swied il-qalb u l-krib. Il-Kelma tal-Mulej

Responsorial Psalm    
PSalm 146:6-7, 8-9, 9-10

The LORD God keeps faith forever,
secures justice for the oppressed,
gives food to the hungry.
The LORD sets captives free.              
R.  Lord, come and save us.  

The LORD gives sight to the blind;
the LORD raises up those who were bowed down.
The LORD loves the just;
the LORD protects strangers.              
R.  Lord, come and save us.  

The fatherless and the widow he sustains,
but the way of the wicked he thwarts.
The LORD shall reign forever;
your God, O Zion, through all generations. 
Lord, come and save us.  

Salm Responsorjali  
Salm 146(147)

Il-Mulej iżomm kelmtu għal dejjem,
jagħmel ħaqq mill-maħquin,
u jagħti l-ħobż lill-imġewħin.
Il-Mulej jeħles lill-imjassrin.                                
R/   Ejja Mulej, ħa ssalvana.

Il-Mulej jiftaħ għajnejn l-għomja;
il-Mulej jerfa' lill-milwijin;
il-Mulej iħobb lill-ġusti;
il-Mulej iħares lill-barranin.                                
R/   Ejja Mulej, ħa ssalvana.

Hu jżomm lill-iltim u lill-armla,
imma lill-ħżiena jħabtilhom triqathom.
Il-Mulej isaltan għal dejjem;
Alla tiegħek, Sijon, minn nisel għal nisel. 
R/   Ejja Mulej, ħa ssalvana.          

Reading 2                  
JAmeS 5:7-10
Be patient, brothers and sisters, until the coming of the Lord. See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth,  being patient with it until it receives the early and the late rains. You too must be patient. Make your hearts firm, because the coming of the Lord is at hand. Do not complain, brothers and sisters, about one another, that you may not be judged. Behold, the Judge is standing before the gates. Take as an example of hardship and patience, brothers and sisters, the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord. This is the Word of the Lord.

It-Tieni Lezzjoni
Qari mill-Ittra ta' San Ġakbu Appostlu  5, 7-10
Ħuti, stabru, sa ma jasal il-Mulej. ara, il-bidwi joqgħod b'sabar kbir jistenna l-frott għażiż ta' l-art sa  ma jieħu x-xita bikrija u mwaħħra. Stabru intom ukoll;  qawwu qalbkom, għax il-miġja tal-Mulej hi fil-qrib. Tgergrux kontra xulxin, ħuti, biex ma tkunux iġġudikati;  araw' l-Imħallef  qiegħed   hawn, quddiem il-bieb! Bħala eżempju tat-tbatija u s-sabar, ħuti, ħudu l-profeti li tkellmu f'isem il-Mulej. Il-Kelma tal-Mulej

 

Gospel                                   

MatThew 11:2-11

When John the Baptist heard in prison of the works of the Christ, he sent his disciples to Jesus with this question,  “Are you the one who is to come, or should we look for another?”Jesus said to them in reply,  “Go and tell John what you hear and see:  the blind regain their sight, the lame walk, lepers are cleansed,  the deaf hear, the dead are raised, and the poor have the good news proclaimed to them. And blessed is the one who takes no offense at me.” As they were going off, Jesus began to speak to the crowds about John, “What did you go out to the desert to see? A reed swayed by the wind? Then what did you go out to see? Someone dressed in fine clothing? Those who wear fine clothing are in royal palaces. Then why did you go out? To see a prophet? Yes, I tell you, and more than a prophet. This is the one about whom it is written: Behold, I am sending my messenger ahead of you; he will prepare your way before you. Amen, I say to you, among those born of women  there has been none greater than John the Baptist;  yet the least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.” This is the Word of the Lord.

L-Evanġelju   
Qari skond San Mattew 11, 2-11
F'dak iż-żmien , Ġwanni, li kien fil-ħabs, sama' bl-għemejjel tal-Messija, u bagħat għandu tnejn  mid-dixxipli tiegħu u qallu:"int huwa dak li għandu jiġi, jew nistennew lilv ħaddieħor?"Ġesu' wieġeb u qalilhom:  "Morru agħtu lil Ġwanni l-aħbar ta' dak li qegħdin tisimgħu u taraw:  l-għomja jaraw; iz-zoppom jimxu, il-lebbrużi jfiqu, it-torox jisimgħu, il-mejtin iqumu, l-Evanġelju jixxandar lill-foqra.  Ħieni hu min ma jitfixkilx minħabba fija." Meta dawk telqu, Ġesu' qabad  ikellem  lin-nies fuq Ġwanni:  "Xi ħriġtu taraw fid-deżert?  Qasba tixxejjer mar-riħ? Xi ħriġtu taraw?  Raġel liebes fin?  Dawk li jilbsu fin fil-palazzi  tas-slaten issibuhom.  Mela xi ħriġtu taraw?  Profeta?   Iva, ngħidilkom, anzi xi ħaġa iżjed minn Profeta.  Dan hu li fuqu hemm miktub:  "Ara, jiena nibgħat qablek il-ħabbar tiegħi biex iħejji triqtek quddiemek." Tassew, ngħidilkom,  li fost ulied in-nisa ħadd ma qam akbar minn Ġwanni l-Battista.  U b'dinakollu l-iżgħar wieħed fis-Saltna tas-Smewwiet hu akbar minnu." Il-Kelma tal-Mulej
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 Commentary by Fr Thomas Rosica CSB


The Highway of Holiness Passes through the Desert

In his moving homily for the Inauguration of his Petrine Ministry as Bishop of Rome on April 24, 2005, Pope Benedict XVI spoke these words:

The pastor must be inspired by Christ’s holy zeal: for him it is not a matter of indifference that so many people are living in the desert.  And there are so many kinds of desert.  There is the desert of poverty, the desert of hunger and thirst, the desert of abandonment, of loneliness, of destroyed love.  There is the desert of God’s darkness, the emptiness of souls no longer aware of their dignity or the goal of human life. The external deserts in the world are growing, because the internal deserts have become so vast. Therefore the earth’s treasures no longer serve to build God’s garden for all to live in, but they have been made to serve the powers of exploitation and destruction.  …The Church as a whole and all her Pastors, like Christ, must set out to lead people out of the desert, towards the place of life, towards friendship with the Son of God, towards the One who gives us life, and life in abundance.

The deserts of our lives

There is no better starting point to understand the Scripture readings for the third Sunday of Advent, especially Sunday’s first reading from the prophet Isaiah [35:1-10], than by reflecting on Pope Benedict’s words.  The themes of geography and desert in both the Pope’s inaugural homily and Isaiah’s stirring reading invite us to reflect on the deserts of our own lives. How do we live in the midst of our own deserts?  How often have we become deserts of loneliness, desolation and emptiness, rather than flourishing gardens of community, joy and light for others?  How have we resisted transforming our own deserts into places of abundant life?  We may have to go into that wilderness where we realize we are lost, and alone, unfruitful and without resources – and only when we reach that point are we ready to meet God. 

The desert has become a metaphor to describe the sense of alienation and despair that are the effects of human sinfulness. How many times have we used the expression: “I’m living through a real desert experience” or “I feel so alienated from God and from other people” to describe what we are feeling because of our sinfulness.  If we are complacent and self-satisfied, we’ll never begin to long for the coming of the Lord, or make ready to meet him.  The ways of the desert were deep within the heart of Jesus, and it must be the same for all who would follow him.  In the midst of the desert we hear what God will do if we open our hearts to him and allow God to make our own deserts bloom.

The geography of salvation… today

God has revealed himself to us not only in specific periods of time, but also in very particular places in creation.  For many Christians, these very places conjure up images of shepherds and olive trees, high walls and enclosed, ancient cities and towns as they existed in the age of King David or Bethlehem at the time of Jesus.  The Holy Land is a land without history, its people and places frozen in a biblical time frame, or locked in an unending political battle.  As Catholics, we have a double obligation to thaw out the frozen biblical time frame and make it accessible and inviting for Christians.

A visit to the Holy Land reminds us that we are caught up not only in the History of Salvation but also in the Geography of Salvation.  Both the story of our own lives, coupled with the biblical stories, show us how God can write straight with our crooked lines.  The best-selling Holy Land Guides do not bear witness.  They merely indicate.  Only people, not stones and marbles can bear the most authentic and eloquent witness that at one shining moment in history, the Word became flesh and pitched his tent among us.  And we continue in our day to behold his glory.

The word of God and the Holy Land

As we journey through this season of Advent, I encourage you to read Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI’s Apostolic Exhortation “Verbum Domini,” and especially the following section that speaks eloquently about the word of God and the Holy Land:

89.  As we call to mind the Word of God who became flesh in the womb of Mary of Nazareth, our heart now turns to the land where the mystery of our salvation was accomplished, and from which the word of God spread to the ends of the earth. By the power of the Holy Spirit, the Word became flesh in a specific time and place, in a strip of land on the edges of the Roman Empire. The more we appreciate the universality and the uniqueness of Christ’s person, the more we look with gratitude to that land where Jesus was born, where he lived and where he gave his life for us.

The stones on which our Redeemer walked are still charged with his memory and continue to “cry out” the Good News. For this reason, the Synod Fathers recalled the felicitous phrase that speaks of the Holy Land as “the Fifth Gospel”.  How important it is that in those places there be Christian communities, notwithstanding any number of hardships! The Synod of Bishops expressed profound closeness to all those Christians who dwell in the land of Jesus and bear witness to their faith in the Risen One. Christians there are called to serve not only as “a beacon of faith for the universal Church, but also as a leaven of harmony, wisdom, and equilibrium in the life of a society which traditionally has been, and continues to be, pluralistic, multi-ethnic and multi-religious”.
The Holy Land today remains a goal of pilgrimage for the Christian people, a place of prayer and penance, as was testified to in antiquity by authors like Saint Jerome.  The more we turn our eyes and our hearts to the earthly Jerusalem, the more will our yearning be kindled for the heavenly Jerusalem, the true goal of every pilgrimage, along with our eager desire that the name of Jesus, the one name which brings salvation, may be acknowledged by all (cf. Acts 4:12). 

The Sunday of rejoicing

The way of Israel in the desert is the way for all of us.  As we celebrate the third Sunday of Advent, Gaudete Sunday or the day of rejoicing, we join with the exiles of Israel and the disciples of John the Baptist as we yearn for salvation, and long for new life to blossom. This week let us carve out some spiritual space in our lives where we can strip away the false things that cling to us and breathe new life into our dreams and begin again. In the midst of the desert we hear what God will do if we open our hearts to him and allow him to make our own deserts bloom.  What God does to the southern desert of Israel, God will do for us: transform our barrenness into life, and trace a highway and a holy way in places we believed to be lifeless and hopeless.  Are we on the Highway of Holiness?  Are we making progress on it?  Are we enjoying the travel?  Are we inviting others to join us on the way?

Come, Lord Jesus!
We need you now more than ever.
Make our deserts bloom.
Quench our thirst with your living water.
Give us strength to follow you on the Highway of Holiness.
Fill our hearts and minds with rejoicing!

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Friday, 2 December 2016

Taking Christ seriously!


'It-Tieni Ħadd ta' l-Avvent - il-PACI
Messalin A pp 68 
  

Reading 1       
On that day, a shoot shall sprout from the stump of Jesse, and from his roots a bud shall blossom. The spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him: a spirit of wisdom and of nderstanding, a spirit of counsel and of strength, a spirit of knowledge and of fear of the LORD, and his delight shall be the fear of the LORD. Not by appearance shall he judge, nor by hearsay shall he decide, but he shall judge the poor with justice, and decide aright for the land’s afflicted. He shall strike the ruthless with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips he shall slay the wicked. Justice shall be the band around his waist, and faithfulness a belt upon his hips. Then the wolf shall be a guest of the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; the calf and the young lion shall browse together, with a little child to guide them. The cow and the bear shall be neighbors, together their young shall rest; the lion shall eat hay like the ox. The baby shall play by the cobra’s den, and the child lay his hand on the adder’s lair. There shall be no harm or ruin on all my holy mountain; for the earth shall be filled with knowledge of the LORD, as water covers the sea. On that day, the root of Jesse, set up as a signal for the nations, the Gentiles shall seek out, for his dwelling shall be glorious.


 L-Ewwel Lezzjoni
Qari mill-Ktieb tal-Profeta Isaija 11, 1-10
Ġhad-toħrog fergħa miz-zokk ta' Ġesse, għad tinbet rimja minn għeruqu: fuqu jistrieħ l-ispirtu tal-Mulej, l-ispirtu ta' l-għerf u d-dehen, l-ispirtu ta' l-għaqal u l-qawwa, l-ispirtu ta' l-għerf u l-biża' tal-Mulej, u l-għaxqa tiegħu fil-biża tal-Mulej. Ma jiġġudikax skond ma jidher fl-għajnejn, u ma jagħtix sentenza skond ma jisma', iżda jiġġudika l-imsejknin skond il-ġustizzja, u jagħti sentenza skond is-sewwa lill-fqajrin ta' l-art. Isawwat il-kiefra bix-xettru ta' fommu, u b'nifs xufftejh joqtol lill-ħażin. Il-ħżiem ta' ġenbejh tkun il-ġustizzja, u l-fedelta' l-ħżiem ta' qaddu. Il-lupu jibda jgħix mal-ħaruf, il-leopard mil-gidi, u jirgħu flimkien l-għoġol u ferħ l-iljun, daqsxejn ta' tfajjel isuqhom. Il-baqra u l-ors jirgħu flimkien, u l-frieħ tagħhom flimkien jitrieħu. l-iljun bħall-gendus jiekol it-tifen. It-tarbija tal-ħalib titliegħeb fil-ħofra tas-serp; u t-tifel miftum idaħħal idu fil-bejta tal-lifgħa. Ma jagħmlus aktar deni u anqas ħsara fuq il-muntanja qaddisa kollha tiegħi, għax mimlija hi l-art bl-għarfien tal-Mulej bħalma l-baħar hu miksi bl-ilmijiet. Imbagħad jiġri f'dak il-jum li l-għerq ta' Ġesse jieqaf bħala sinjal għall-popli. Lilu jfittxu l-ġnus, u l-għamara tiegħu tkum isebbħa. Il-Kelma tal-Mulej.

Responsorial Psalm 

O God, with your judgment endow the king,
and with your justice, the king’s son;
he shall govern your people with justice
and your afflicted ones with judgment.
R. Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.

Justice shall flower in his days,
and profound peace, till the moon be no more.
May he rule from sea to sea,
and from the River to the ends of the earth.
R. Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.

For he shall rescue the poor when he cries out,
and the afflicted when he has no one to help him.
He shall have pity for the lowly and the poor;
the lives of the poor he shall save.
R. Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.

May his name be blessed forever;
as long as the sun his name shall remain.
In him shall all the tribes of the earth be blessed;
all the nations shall proclaim his happiness.
R. Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.

 Salm Responsorjali
SALM  71(72)
            R/         Tħaddar f'jiemu l-ġustizzja.
O Alla, agħti lis-sultan il-ħaqq tiegħek,
il-ġustizzja tiegħek lil bin isek bil-ġustizzja,
u bil-ħaqq l-imsejknin tiegħek.                            R/

Tħaddar f'jiemu l-ġustizzja,
u sliem kotran sa ma jintemm il-qamar,
Isaltan minn baħar sa baħar,
u mix-xmara sa truf l-art.                                              R/

Għax hu jeħles lill-fqir li jsejjaħlu,
u lill-imsejknin li m'għandux min jgħinu.
Iħenn għad-dgħajjef u għall-fqajjar;
il-ħajja tal-fqajrin isalva.                                      R/

Ismu jibqa' jissemma għal dejjem;
idum ismu sakemm iddum ix-xemx!
Bih jitbierku l-ġnus kollha ta' l-art;
il-popli kollha jsejħulu ħieni.                                           R/

R eading 2                 
Brothers and sisters: Whatever was written previously was written for our instruction, that by endurance and by the encouragement of the Scriptures  we might have hope. May the God of endurance and encouragement  grant you to think in harmony with one another, in keeping with Christ Jesus, that with one accord you may with one voice  glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. Welcome one another, then, as Christ welcomed you, for the glory of God. For I say that Christ became a minister of the circumcised to show God’s truthfulness, to confirm the promises to the patriarchs,  but so that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy. As it is written: Therefore, I will praise you among the Gentiles
and sing praises to your name.

 It-Tieni Lezzjoni
Qari mill-Ittra ta' San Pawl Appostlu lir-Rumani 15,4-9
Ħuti,  kull ma nkiteb fl-Iskrittura fl-imgħoddi , inkiteb għat-tagħlim tagħna, biex bis-sabar u  bil-faraġ li tagħtina l-Iskrittura, aħna jkollna t-tama. Alla, li minnu ġej kull sabar u faraġ, jgħtikom il-grazzja  li tkunu fehma waħda bejnietkom skond Kristu Ġesu', biex b'fomm wieħed u b'qalb waħda tfaħħru lil Alla u Missier Sidna Ġesu' Kristu. Għalhekk ilqgħu lil xulxin bħalma Kristu wkoll laqa' lilkom, għall-glorja ta' Alla.    Jiena ngħidilkom li Kristu sar  qaddej tal- Lhud ċirkonċiżi minħabba l-fedelta' ta' Alla,  biex iseħħu l-wegħdiet li għamel lill-Patrijarki, u biex  il-pagani wkoll ifaħħru lil Alla minħabba l-ħniena tiegħu  bħalma hu miktub:  "Għalhekk jiena nfaħħrek fost il-ġnus u ngħanni tifħir ismek." Il-Kelma tal-Mulej

Gospel                       
John the Baptist appeared, preaching in the desert of Judea and saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand!” It was of him that the prophet Isaiah had spoken when he said: A voice of one crying out in the desert, Prepare the way of the Lord, make straight his paths. John wore clothing made of camel’s hair and had a leather belt around his waist. His food was locusts and wild honey.At that time Jerusalem, all Judea, and the whole region around the Jordan were going out to him and were being baptized by him in the Jordan River as they acknowledged their sins.When he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? Produce good fruit as evidence of your repentance. And do not presume to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you, God can raise up children to Abraham from these stones. Even now the ax lies at the root of the trees. Therefore every tree that does not bear good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire. I am baptizing you with water, for repentance,  but the one who is coming after me is mightier than I. I am not worthy to carry his sandals. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. His winnowing fan is in his hand. He will clear his threshing floor  and gather his wheat into his barn,  but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire.”

L-Evanġelju
Qari skond San Mattew 3, 1-12
F'dawk il-jiem, deher Ġwanni l-Battista jipprieda fid-deżert tal-Lhudija u jgħid: "Indmu, għax is-saltna tas-smewwiet waslet." Għax għalih kien ingħad permezz tal-profeta Isaija, meta qal:  "Leħen ta wieħed jgħajjat fid-deżert:  Ħejju t-triq tal-Mulej, iddrittaw il-mogħdijiet tiegħu." Dan Ġwanni kellu fuqu libsa tax-xagħar tal-ġemel, bi ħżiem tal-ġild madwar qaddu, u l-ikel tiegħu kien gradijiet u għasel selvaġġ. U kienet tmur għandu Ġerusalemm u l-Lhudija kollha u l-inħawi kollha ta' madwar il-Ġordan, u kienu jigħammdu minnu fix-xmara Ġordan huma u jistqarru dnubiethom. Kif ra bosta mill-Fariżej u mis-Sadduċej ġejjin għall-magħmudija tiegħu, qalilhom:  "Ja nisel il-lifgħat, min uriekom kif għandkom taħarbu mill-korla li ġejja? Agħmlu mela frott xieraq ta' l-Indiema, u taħsbux li tistgħu  tgħidu fikom infuskom: "Għandna b'missier lil Abraham."  Ngħidilkom li Alla,  minn dan l-istess ġebel,  jista' jqajjem ulied lil Abraham." Il-mannara ġa tressqet ma' għerq is-siġra';  u għalhekk, kull siġra li ma tagħmilx frott tajjeb titqaċċat u tinxteħet fin-nar. Jien, ngħid għalija, ngħammidkom bl-ilma għall-indiema; imma min ġej warajja hu aqwa minni, u jien ma jistħoqqlix inġorr il-qorq tiegħu. Hu jgħammidkom bl-Ispirtu s-Santu u n-nar. Il-midra qiegħda f'idu, biex iderri l-qiegxħa tiegħu u jiġbor il-qamħ fil-maħżen, imma t-tiben jaħarqu b'nar li ma jintefiex." Il-Kelma tal-Mulej
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Commentary
Experiencing Forgiveness and Salvation

In Sunday’s Scripture readings, two of the three outstanding Advent guides (Isaiah, John the Baptist and Mary) show us the proper attitude to assume as we prepare to welcome the Saviour of the world.  First of all, Isaiah, the prophet of consolation and singer of hope.  The idyllic reading from the prophet Isaiah [11:1-10] speaks of a shoot that will sprout from the stump of Jesse, and from his roots a bud shall blossom [1].  This is a reference to the fact that after the Babylonian Exile only a stump of the Davidic dynasty would remain; from it would arise the new shoot, the messianic King.  In verses 2-3 we have the source of the traditional names of the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

An image of the idyllic harmony of paradise in vv 6-9 is a dramatic symbol of the universal peace and justice of messianic times.  Throughout this season of Advent, Isaiah proclaims a true and proper Gospel for the people of Israel, enslaved in Babylon, and urges them to remain vigilant in prayer, to recognize “the signs” of the coming of the Messiah.

The kingdom of heaven is at hand

Then there is John the Baptist [Matthew 3:1-12], the precursor of the Messiah, who is presented as a “voice crying in the wilderness”, preaching “a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.”  Unlike Luke, Matthew says nothing of the Baptist’s origins and does not make him a relative of Jesus.

Matthew takes up the order of Jesus’ ministry found in the gospel of Mark, beginning with the preparatory preaching of John the Baptist.  The Baptist calls for a change of heart and conduct, a turning of one’s life from rebellion to obedience towards God. It is the only condition for recognizing the Messiah already present in the world.  The kingdom of heaven is at hand: “heaven” (literally, “the heavens”) is a substitute for the name “God” that was avoided by devout Jews of the time out of reverence. The expression “the kingdom of heaven” occurs only in the gospel of Matthew. It means the effective rule of God over his people. In its fullness it includes not only human obedience to God’s word, but the triumph of God over physical evils, ultimately over death.  In the expectation found in Jewish apocalyptic, the kingdom was to be ushered in by a judgment in which sinners would be condemned and perish, an expectation shared by the Baptist. This was later modified in Christian understanding where the kingdom was seen as being established in stages, culminating with the parousia (second coming) of Jesus.

John’s wardrobe

Matthew presents John the Baptist as the first Christian preacher.  Wearing the clothes of a latter-day Elijah [II Kings 1:8], John solemnly proclaims that God is undertaking a new involvement with humankind.  The expectation of the return of Elijah from heaven to prepare Israel for the final manifestation of God’s kingdom was widespread, and according to Matthew this expectation was fulfilled in the Baptist’s ministry [Matthew 11:14; 17:11-13].

Ritual washing [6] was practiced by various groups in Palestine between 150 B.C. and A.D. 250. John’s baptism may have been related to the purificatory washings of the Essenes at Qumran along the shores of the Dead Sea.  John’s is a baptism of repentance requiring the convert to adopt a new way of thinking and acting.

At times prophets shared God’s anger, God’s compassion, God’s sorrow, God’s disappointment, God’s revulsion, God’s sensitivity for people, and God’s seriousness.  They did not share these things in the abstract; rather, they shared God’s feelings about the concrete events of their time.  This is the type of prophet that John the Baptist was.  He didn’t mince words.  He got right to the point and said what needed to be said.  How often our words, thoughts and actions are incoherent and ambiguous!  How often do the skirt the issues and great questions of our time and of our Church!  The true prophets of Israel model for how to counter all forms of duplicity in our own lives.

John the Baptist continues to speak down the centuries to every generation.  The “voice” of the great prophet asks us to prepare the way of the Lord, who comes in the external and internal wildernesses of today, thirsting for the living water that is Christ. May the memory of John guide us to true conversion of heart, so that we may make the necessary choices to harmonize our mentalities and lives with the Gospel.

“Verbum Domini” along the Advent journey

May I suggest to you a wonderful way to prepare a way for the Lord in your own lives this Advent?  Read Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI’s Apostolic Exhortation Verbum Domini [The Word of the Lord Abides Forever].  This important document is the culmination of the Synod of Bishops on the Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church that took place in October 2008.  I especially suggest section #11 on the “Christology of the word”:

Christology of the word

11.   From this glimpse at all reality as the handiwork of the Blessed Trinity through the divine Word, we can understand the statement made by the author of the Letter to the Hebrews: “in many and various ways God spoke of old to our fathers by the prophets; but in these last days he has spoken to us by a Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world” (1:1-2). It is very beautiful to see how the entire Old Testament already appears to us as a history in which God communicates his word: indeed, “by his covenant with Abraham (cf. Gen 15:18) and, through Moses, with the race of Israel (cf. Ex 24:8), he gained a people for himself, and to them he revealed himself in words and deeds as the one, living and true God. It was his plan that Israel might learn by experience God’s ways with humanity and, by listening to the voice of God speaking to them through the prophets, might gradually understand his ways more fully and more clearly, and make them more widely known among the nations (cf. Ps 21:28-29; 95:1-3; Is 2:1-4; Jer 3:17)”.

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